1. There are many ways to classify the ventilation system. According to different ways of classifying, there are different titles.

　?。?）按通風(fēng)體系的動(dòng)力來(lái)分

　　(1) According to the power of ventilation system

　　通風(fēng)方法按照空氣活動(dòng)動(dòng)力的不同，2能夠分為天然通風(fēng)和機(jī)械通風(fēng)兩大類(lèi)。

　　Ventilation methods can be divided into natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation according to the different dynamic forces of air activity.

　　1) 天然通風(fēng)

　　1) natural ventilation

　　天然通風(fēng)原理如圖2-1所示。天然通風(fēng)是依托室表里溫差所構(gòu)成的熱壓，或者室外風(fēng)力的效果在建筑物上構(gòu)成的壓差，使室內(nèi)的空氣進(jìn)行交流，從而改善室內(nèi)空氣環(huán)境。

　　The principle of natural ventilation is shown in Fig. 2-1. Natural ventilation relies on the thermal pressure formed by the temperature difference between the surface and the inside of the room, or the pressure difference formed by the outdoor wind effect on the building, so that the indoor air can be exchanged and the indoor air environment can be improved.

　　2) 機(jī)械通風(fēng)

　　2) mechanical ventilation

　　使用通風(fēng)機(jī)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)力，使室表里空氣進(jìn)行交流的通風(fēng)方法為機(jī)械通風(fēng)。其長(zhǎng)處是：通風(fēng)量、風(fēng)壓不受室外氣象條件的約束，通風(fēng)比較穩(wěn)定，對(duì)空氣處理比較方便，通風(fēng)調(diào)理比較靈敏。

　　Mechanical ventilation is the ventilation method that uses the power generated by the ventilator to make the air in the room surface communicate. Its advantages are: ventilation volume and pressure are not constrained by outdoor meteorological conditions, ventilation is relatively stable, air treatment is more convenient, ventilation conditioning is more sensitive.

　　2. 按通風(fēng)體系的效果規(guī)模劃分

　　2. Classification of ventilation system according to its effect scale

　　按通風(fēng)體系的效果的巨細(xì)，通風(fēng)方法可分為部分通風(fēng)和通風(fēng)。

　　According to the effect of the ventilation system, the ventilation method can be divided into partial ventilation and comprehensive ventilation.

　　1) 部分通風(fēng)

　　1) partial ventilation

　　使用部分的送、排風(fēng)操控室內(nèi)部分地區(qū)的污染物的傳達(dá)或操控部分地區(qū)的污染物的傳達(dá)或操控部分地區(qū)的污染物濃度達(dá)到衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求的通風(fēng)叫做部分通風(fēng)。部分通風(fēng)又分為部分排風(fēng)和部分送風(fēng)。

　　It is called partial ventilation that uses partial air supply and exhaust to control the transmission of pollutants in some areas of the room or to control the transmission of pollutants in some areas or to control the ventilation whose pollutant concentration meets the requirements of sanitary standards in some areas. Partial ventilation is divided into partial exhaust and partial supply.

　?、俨糠峙棚L(fēng)

　　Part of exhaust air

　　部分排風(fēng)是在集中所發(fā)生有害物的部分地址，設(shè)置有害物捕集設(shè)備，將有害物質(zhì)就地排走，以操控有害物質(zhì)向室內(nèi)分散。部分排風(fēng)體系如圖2-2所示。

　　Part of the exhaust air is located at some sites where harmful substances are concentrated. The equipment for collecting harmful substances is set up to remove harmful substances in situ so as to control the dispersion of harmful substances into the room. Part of the exhaust system is shown in Fig. 2-2.

　?、诓糠炙惋L(fēng)

　　Partial air supply

　　部分送風(fēng)方法是使用通風(fēng)機(jī)和風(fēng)管，直接將室外新鮮空氣或者通過(guò)處理后具有一定參數(shù)的空氣送到作業(yè)地址。煉鋼、銹造等高溫車(chē)間常常選用這種通風(fēng)方法。

　　Part of the air supply method is to use ventilators and ducts to directly send outdoor fresh air or air with certain parameters after treatment to the work address. This ventilation method is often used in high temperature workshops such as steelmaking and rusting.

　　2） 通風(fēng)

　　2) comprehensive ventilation

　　通風(fēng)是對(duì)整個(gè)房間進(jìn)行通風(fēng)換氣。通風(fēng)包括排風(fēng)，送風(fēng)和送、排風(fēng)。

　　Full ventilation is to ventilate the whole room. All-round ventilation includes all-round ventilation, all-round air supply and all-round air supply and exhaust.

　　①排風(fēng)

　　Full ventilation

　　排風(fēng)是從整個(gè)房間掃除有害物質(zhì)的通風(fēng)方法，為了使室內(nèi)發(fā)生的有害物盡可能不分散到其它區(qū)域或領(lǐng)室去，能夠在有害物比較集中發(fā)生的區(qū)域或房間選用機(jī)械排風(fēng)。圖2-4位機(jī)械排風(fēng)體系，圖2-4（a）是在墻上裝有軸流風(fēng)機(jī)的簡(jiǎn)略排風(fēng)體系。

　　Full ventilation is a ventilation method to remove harmful substances from the whole room. In order to prevent harmful substances from dispersing to other areas or Consulates as far as possible, mechanical ventilation can be used in areas or rooms where harmful substances are concentrated. Figure 2-4 is the simplest comprehensive mechanical exhaust system with an axial-flow fan installed on the wall.

　?、谒惋L(fēng)

　　Full air supply

　　把符合衛(wèi)生要求的空氣送到整個(gè)房間各個(gè)部位的送風(fēng)體系稱(chēng)為送風(fēng)。能夠通過(guò)天然通風(fēng)和機(jī)械通風(fēng)來(lái)完成。機(jī)械送風(fēng)體系如圖2-5所示，通過(guò)處理后的空氣，在風(fēng)機(jī)的效果下，經(jīng)風(fēng)管、送風(fēng)口送入整個(gè)房間的各個(gè)部位，而排風(fēng)可通過(guò)排風(fēng)口或門(mén)窗排出。

　　The air supply system that delivers the air that meets the hygienic requirements to all parts of the room is called comprehensive air supply. It can be accomplished by natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation. The comprehensive mechanical air supply system is shown in Figure 2-5. Under the effect of the fan, the treated air is fed into all parts of the room through air ducts and air outlets, and the exhaust air can be discharged through air outlets or doors and windows.

　　③送、排風(fēng)

　　(3) Full air supply and exhaust

　　在門(mén)窗緊閉，天然排風(fēng)或進(jìn)風(fēng)比較困難的房間，常選用圖2-4所示排風(fēng)和圖2-5所示的送風(fēng)相結(jié)合的送、排風(fēng)體系。

　　In rooms where doors and windows are closed and natural ventilation or intake is difficult, a comprehensive air supply and exhaust system combined with comprehensive air supply shown in Figure 2-4 and Figure 2-5 is often used.