Problem 1: In the kitchen ventilation project, the power consumption of smoke exhaust fan and lampblack purification equipment is large, and the ventilation effect of fan is poor. Cause: All exhaust hood pipes of the overall kitchen are finally concentrated into a large air duct system, and a large lampblack purification equipment and a large fan are used for air exhaust. As a result, as long as the kitchen has a stove to use, the exhaust fan and the lampblack purifier must be turned on. In this way, not only the ventilation effect of the fan is not good, but also the power consumption is large. In high-end hotels, the annual electricity consumption for kitchen ventilation accounts for 2.8% of the total annual consumption.

解決措施：按具體情況分成兩、三個(gè)系統(tǒng)，或采用變速風(fēng)機(jī)，在高峰負(fù)荷時(shí)全開(kāi)。廚房爐灶使用的高峰時(shí)間約為4~5小時(shí)，而其余時(shí)間為加工及準(zhǔn)備或衛(wèi)生時(shí)間，不需要大的排風(fēng)量。

Solution: Divide into two or three systems according to the specific situation, or use variable speed fans, which are fully open at peak load. The peak time for the use of kitchen stove is about 4-5 hours, while the rest of the time is for processing and preparation or sanitation, so no large exhaust volume is required.

問(wèn)題二：酒店廚房的送風(fēng)系統(tǒng)采用的是以下幾種方式 ：

Question 2: The air supply system of the hotel kitchen adopts the following methods:

1、空氣處理方式用了部分回風(fēng)；

1. Partial return air is used for air treatment;

2、采用了風(fēng)機(jī)盤(pán)管；

2. Fan coil unit is adopted;

3、廚房?jī)?nèi)不設(shè)送風(fēng)系統(tǒng)，而是設(shè)了單體冷風(fēng)機(jī)。使用不到一年就效率大減，使廚房溫度太高。 原因：這些設(shè)備本身均有水冷式表面冷卻器或直接蒸發(fā)式表面冷卻器。廚房?jī)?nèi)的空氣直接與冷卻器接觸，油霧很快就會(huì)污染和堵塞表冷器上翅片的間隙，使其風(fēng)量大減，致使廚房?jī)?nèi)溫度太高，效果差。

3. There is no air supply system in the kitchen, but a single air cooler. The efficiency is greatly reduced after less than a year of use, making the kitchen temperature too high. Cause: These devices are equipped with water-cooled surface coolers or direct evaporative surface coolers. The air in the kitchen is in direct contact with the cooler, and the oil mist will soon pollute and block the clearance between the fins on the surface cooler, reducing its air volume, resulting in too high temperature in the kitchen and poor effect.

解決措施：在廚房的送新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中，不能用回風(fēng)。只能用直流式系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)室外條件可以用直流空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，也可為直流送風(fēng)系統(tǒng)。窗式或柜式空調(diào)器在廚房?jī)?nèi)不宜采用。

Solution: return air cannot be used in the fresh air supply system of the kitchen. Only DC system can be used. DC air conditioning system or DC air supply system can be used according to outdoor conditions. Window type or cabinet type air conditioners should not be used in the kitchen.

問(wèn)題三：廚房用風(fēng)機(jī)盤(pán)管降溫失敗。廚房?jī)?nèi)設(shè)有爐灶排氣系統(tǒng)及新風(fēng)補(bǔ)充系統(tǒng)，還有風(fēng)機(jī)盤(pán)管降溫系統(tǒng)。剛投產(chǎn)時(shí)，效果挺好，一年之后，溫度降不下來(lái)，有時(shí)達(dá)35℃以上，工作人員難以忍受。 原因：經(jīng)檢查了解，發(fā)現(xiàn)廚房?jī)?nèi)油霧、水蒸氣均大，特別是煤氣燃燒后的油煙附著在盤(pán)管表面，使其傳熱系數(shù)大大下降，冷卻效果越來(lái)越差。

Problem 3: The kitchen fan coil fails to cool down. The kitchen is equipped with stove exhaust system, fresh air supplement system and fan coil cooling system. When it was just put into production, the effect was very good. One year later, the temperature could not be lowered, sometimes reaching more than 35 ℃, which was intolerable to the staff. Cause: Through inspection, it is found that the oil mist and water vapor in the kitchen are large, especially the oil smoke after the gas combustion attaches to the coil surface, which greatly reduces its heat transfer coefficient and makes the cooling effect worse and worse.

解決措施：將風(fēng)機(jī)盤(pán)管在廚房?jī)?nèi)的回風(fēng)口堵上，再用管道將餐廳的空氣引作廚房風(fēng)機(jī)盤(pán)管的回風(fēng)，同時(shí)減少室外空氣的送入量。（廚房設(shè)不能采用風(fēng)機(jī)盤(pán)管系統(tǒng)）

Solution: plug the fan coil unit at the return air inlet in the kitchen, and then use the pipe to lead the air in the dining room as the return air of the fan coil unit in the kitchen, while reducing the amount of outdoor air. (Fan coil system cannot be used in kitchen design)

問(wèn)題四：廚房的煤氣灶火苗往灶門(mén)外噴，影響正常使用。 原因：廚房?jī)?nèi)的進(jìn)風(fēng)量和排風(fēng)量比例不當(dāng)，使廚房的負(fù)壓過(guò)高所致。

Problem 4: The fire of the kitchen gas range sprays outside the kitchen door, affecting normal use. Cause: The proportion of air intake and exhaust in the kitchen is improper, resulting in high negative pressure in the kitchen.

解決措施：設(shè)有機(jī)械排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的廚房，應(yīng)考慮補(bǔ)充進(jìn)氣。廚房的負(fù)壓值，不得大于0.5mm水柱。負(fù)壓過(guò)大爐灶會(huì)倒風(fēng)，即炎苗往外噴。為達(dá)此目的，一般情況下送風(fēng)量應(yīng)為排風(fēng)量的85%~95%。

Solution: For kitchens with mechanical ventilation system, supplementary air intake shall be considered. The negative pressure value of the kitchen shall not be greater than 0.5mm water column. If the negative pressure is too large, the stove will be downdraft, that is, the inflammation vaccine will spray out. In order to achieve this purpose, the air supply volume shall be 85%~95% of the exhaust volume in general.

問(wèn)題五：廚房操作間與餐廳之間串問(wèn)。廚房與餐廳相鄰，使人產(chǎn)生不舒服的感覺(jué)，使得餐廳的環(huán)境質(zhì)量不夠清香幽雅。 原因：廚房及餐廳的氣流組織不好，應(yīng)當(dāng)是廚房負(fù)壓，餐廳正壓。而有時(shí)由于廚房開(kāi)了窗，造成廚房的空氣流入餐廳，以致使兩者之間到處串味。

Question 5: The questions between the kitchen operation room and the dining room. The kitchen is adjacent to the dining room, which makes people feel uncomfortable, and makes the environment quality of the high-end dining room not fragrant and elegant enough. Cause: The air flow in the kitchen and dining room is not well organized. It should be the kitchen negative pressure and the dining room positive pressure. Sometimes, because the kitchen has opened a window, the air in the kitchen flows into the dining room, which makes the two smell everywhere.

解決措施：要防止廚房氣味倒灌，除了在廚房和餐廳之間要設(shè)走道過(guò)渡之外，廚房排風(fēng)量60%要靠餐廳來(lái)補(bǔ)。即把廚房補(bǔ)風(fēng)量的60%送到餐廳，然后再由餐廳流到廚房。但要注意氣流由餐廳流入廚房在經(jīng)過(guò)配餐口時(shí)的風(fēng)速不得大于1m/s。

Solution: To prevent kitchen odor from pouring back, in addition to the corridor transition between the kitchen and the dining room, 60% of the kitchen exhaust air volume should be supplemented by the dining room. That is, 60% of the make-up air volume in the kitchen is sent to the dining room, and then flows from the dining room to the kitchen. However, it should be noted that the wind speed when the air flows from the dining room to the kitchen through the food port should not be greater than 1m/s.

問(wèn)題六：酒店的會(huì)議廳有廚房炒菜味道。 原因：廚房的排氣出口與空調(diào)的室外進(jìn)風(fēng)口相距較近，而且進(jìn)風(fēng)口是設(shè)在排氣口的下風(fēng)向。結(jié)果造成進(jìn)風(fēng)不清潔，以致把廚房的氣味送入建筑物內(nèi)，造成“串味”。

Problem 6: The meeting hall of a high-end hotel has the smell of cooking in the kitchen. Cause: The exhaust outlet of the kitchen is close to the outdoor air inlet of the air conditioner, and the air inlet is located in the downwind direction of the exhaust outlet. As a result, the air intake is not clean, so that the smell of the kitchen is sent into the building, resulting in "smell".

解決措施：新風(fēng)進(jìn)口應(yīng)設(shè)在空氣比較潔凈的地方，并宜設(shè)在排風(fēng)口的上風(fēng)側(cè)，且應(yīng)比排風(fēng)口低。在民用建筑中盡量避免進(jìn)風(fēng)口與廚房排氣口設(shè)在同一方向。

Solution: The fresh air inlet should be set at a place with clean air, and should be set at the windward side of the air outlet, which should be lower than the air outlet. In civil buildings, the air inlet shall not be set in the same direction as the kitchen exhaust.

問(wèn)題七：廚房排風(fēng)機(jī)殼內(nèi)積水，以致結(jié)冰，影響使用。 原因：在嚴(yán)寒及寒冷地區(qū)，廚房的排風(fēng)機(jī)設(shè)于室外，冬天時(shí)排氣中的水蒸氣及油霧凝結(jié)，到夜間就結(jié)成冰，次日廚房工作時(shí)排風(fēng)機(jī)無(wú)法啟動(dòng)，甚當(dāng)爐灶使用時(shí)，不但不能排氣，而且還有水滴下來(lái)。

Problem 7: There is water in the kitchen exhaust fan casing, which causes ice formation and affects the use. Cause: In cold and cold areas, the exhaust fan of the kitchen is set outdoors. In winter, the water vapor and oil mist in the exhaust will condense and freeze at night. The exhaust fan cannot be started when the kitchen is working the next day. Even when the stove is in use, not only cannot exhaust, but also water drops.

解決措施：

Solution:

（1） 注意風(fēng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)向，盡量選用水平出口的離心風(fēng)機(jī)。如果必須選用上出口的風(fēng)機(jī)時(shí)，應(yīng)在風(fēng)機(jī)殼的更下邊裝一根泄水管，及時(shí)裝集水泄掉。風(fēng)機(jī)室外部分及風(fēng)管均做保溫。

(1) Pay attention to the rotation direction of the fan, and try to select the centrifugal fan with horizontal outlet. If the fan at the upper outlet must be selected, a drain pipe shall be installed at the bottom of the fan housing, and the water collection shall be drained at the same time. The outdoor part of fan and air duct shall be insulated.

（2） 水平管道要有大于2%的坡度，坡向排氣罩方向。

(2) The horizontal pipe shall have a slope of more than 2% towards the exhaust hood.

（3） 排氣管道中的速度一般為10m/s左右。

(3) The velocity in the exhaust pipe is generally about 10m/s.

（4）風(fēng)機(jī)更好不設(shè)在室外，而設(shè)在排風(fēng)機(jī)房?jī)?nèi)。

(4) The fan should preferably not be located outdoors, but in the exhaust fan room.