1. Mechanical separation method

利用慣性碰撞原理或旋風(fēng)分離原理對(duì)油煙進(jìn)行分離。

The oil fume is separated by the principle of inertial collision or cyclone separation.

缺點(diǎn)：擋板濾網(wǎng)容易破裂，廢棄直接排放；需要定期保養(yǎng)和維護(hù)；安裝的垂直角度要小于15°；凈化效率不高，只適用于預(yù)處理或凈化效率要求較低的場(chǎng)合。

Disadvantages: the baffle filter screen is easy to break, and the waste is directly discharged; Need regular maintenance; The vertical angle of installation shall be less than 15 °; The purification efficiency is not high, and it is only applicable to the occasions with low requirements for pretreatment or purification efficiency.

2、織物過(guò)濾法

2. Fabric filtration method

油煙廢氣經(jīng)過(guò)一定數(shù)目的金屬格柵，大顆粒污染物被阻截；然后經(jīng)過(guò)纖維墊等濾料后，顆粒物由于被擴(kuò)散、截留而被脫除。通常選用的濾料材料為吸油性能高的高分子復(fù)合材料。這種設(shè)備投資少、運(yùn)行費(fèi)用低、無(wú)二次污染、維修管理方便；但阻力大、占地大、需要經(jīng)常更換濾料的缺點(diǎn)。凈化效率一般在80~92%。

The lampblack exhaust gas first passes through a certain number of metal grids, and large particulate pollutants are intercepted; Then, after passing through filter materials such as fiber mats, particles are removed due to diffusion and interception. The commonly selected filter material is polymer composite material with high oil absorption performance. The equipment has the advantages of less investment, low operation cost, no secondary pollution and convenient maintenance and management; However, it has the disadvantages of large resistance, large land occupation and frequent replacement of filter materials. The purification efficiency is generally 80~92%.

缺點(diǎn)：由于濾料阻力很大，如玻璃纖維濾料的凈化器壓降可達(dá)1500Pa，且濾料需經(jīng)常更換，使過(guò)濾法凈化設(shè)備的應(yīng)用受到局限。

Disadvantages: due to the large resistance of filter material, such as the pressure drop of glass fiber filter material purifier can reach 1500Pa, and the filter material needs to be replaced frequently, the application of filtering purification equipment is limited.

3、催化劑燃燒法

3. Catalyst combustion method

燃燒凈化法的原理是利用高溫燃燒所產(chǎn)生的熱量進(jìn)行氧化反應(yīng)，把油煙廢氣中的污染物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為CO2和H2O等物質(zhì)，從而達(dá)到凈化目的。在燃燒過(guò)程中，讓油煙廢氣通過(guò)自凈化催化劑，催化劑的催化反應(yīng)有利于污染物的轉(zhuǎn)化。一般采用陶瓷或金屬蜂窩進(jìn)行載體進(jìn)行氧化催化。這類油煙凈化設(shè)備只適用油煙濃度很低的場(chǎng)合，如食物生吃或制作半成品。

The principle of combustion purification method is to use the heat generated by high temperature combustion to carry out oxidation reaction, and convert the pollutants in the lampblack waste gas into CO2, H2O and other substances, so as to achieve the purification purpose. In the combustion process, let the lampblack exhaust gas pass through the self purification catalyst, and the catalytic reaction of the catalyst is conducive to the transformation of pollutants. Generally, ceramic or metal honeycomb is used as the carrier for oxidation catalysis. This kind of lampblack purification equipment is only applicable to occasions with low lampblack concentration, such as raw food or semi-finished products.

缺點(diǎn)：催化燃燒凈化設(shè)備的開發(fā)還不十分成熟。

Disadvantages: The development of catalytic combustion purification equipment is not very mature.

4、濕式處理法

4. Wet process

采用水或其他洗滌劑，以噴頭噴灑的方式形成水膜，水霧來(lái)吸收油煙。油煙粒子與噴嘴噴出的水霧、水膜相接觸，經(jīng)過(guò)相互的慣性碰撞、滯留、細(xì)微顆粒的擴(kuò)散和相互凝聚等作用，隨水滴流下，從而使油煙離子從氣流中分離出來(lái)。這種設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、投資少、占地小、運(yùn)行費(fèi)用低、維修管理方便。

Water or other detergents are used to form a water film by spraying the nozzle, and water mist is used to absorb oil smoke. The soot particles contact with the water mist and water film ejected from the nozzle, and flow down with the water droplets through mutual inertial collision, retention, diffusion and mutual condensation of fine particles, thus separating the soot ions from the air flow. The equipment has simple structure, less investment, small land occupation, low operation cost and convenient maintenance and management.

缺點(diǎn)：存在阻力大、對(duì)亞微米級(jí)顆粒物的凈化率很低、產(chǎn)生油污水的二次污染。

Disadvantages: it has large resistance, low purification rate of submicron particles, and secondary pollution of oily sewage.

l 機(jī)械分離凈化設(shè)備凈化效率不高，只適用于預(yù)處理或凈化效率要求較低的場(chǎng)合；

L The purification efficiency of mechanical separation and purification equipment is not high, and it is only suitable for pre-treatment or occasions with low purification efficiency requirements;

l 濕法洗滌凈化設(shè)備對(duì)亞微米級(jí)顆粒物的凈化率很低，還需要對(duì)產(chǎn)生的洗滌液進(jìn)行處理；

L The purification rate of submicron particles by wet scrubbing and purification equipment is very low, and the washing solution generated needs to be treated;

l 過(guò)濾凈化設(shè)備需凈化更換濾料，能耗很大；活性炭吸附凈化設(shè)備成本太高；

L The filtering and purification equipment needs to purify and replace the filter material, which consumes a lot of energy; The cost of activated carbon adsorption purification equipment is too high;

l 催化燃燒凈化設(shè)備的開發(fā)還不十分成熟；

L The development of catalytic combustion purification equipment is not very mature;

l 靜電法凈化效率設(shè)備以其高凈化效率、低壓降、運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定、維護(hù)管理方便等特點(diǎn)越來(lái)越顯示出他的優(yōu)越性，目前市場(chǎng)占有率接近90%。

L Electrostatic purification efficiency equipment has shown its advantages with its high purification efficiency, low voltage drop, stable operation, convenient maintenance and management, and its market share is close to 90%.

5、活性炭吸附法

5. Activated carbon adsorption method

用粒狀活性炭或活性炭纖維氈吸附油煙中的污染物粒子。這種設(shè)備的特點(diǎn)與過(guò)濾凈化設(shè)備相似，但去除油煙異味分子的效果較好。

Granular activated carbon or activated carbon fiber felt is used to adsorb pollutant particles in lampblack. The characteristics of this equipment are similar to those of filtration and purification equipment, but the effect of removing oil smoke odor molecules is better.

缺點(diǎn)：活性炭成本較高。

Disadvantages: The cost of activated carbon is high.

6、靜電處理法

6. Electrostatic treatment

電場(chǎng)在外加高壓的作用下，負(fù)極的金屬絲表面或附近放出電子迅速向正極運(yùn)動(dòng)，與氣體分子碰撞并離子化。油煙廢氣通過(guò)這個(gè)高壓電場(chǎng)時(shí)，油煙粒子在極短的時(shí)間內(nèi)因碰撞俘獲氣體離子而導(dǎo)致荷電，受電場(chǎng)力作用向正極集塵板運(yùn)動(dòng)，從而達(dá)到分離效果。這種設(shè)備的投資少、占地小、無(wú)二次污染、運(yùn)行費(fèi)用低。由于易于捕捉粒徑較小的粉塵，凈化效率高，可達(dá)85~95%。它的凈化機(jī)理與氣體方法的區(qū)別在于：分離力是靜電力，直接作用在粒子上，而不是作用在氣流上，因此具有能耗低，阻力小的特點(diǎn)。

Under the action of the applied high voltage, electrons released from the metal wire surface of the negative electrode or nearby quickly move towards the positive electrode, collide with the gas molecules and ionize. When the lampblack waste gas passes through this high voltage electric field, the lampblack particles will be charged due to the collision and capture of gas ions in a very short time, and will move towards the positive dust collecting plate under the action of the electric field force, so as to achieve the separation effect. The equipment has the advantages of less investment, small land occupation, no secondary pollution and low operation cost. Because it is easy to capture dust with small particle size, the purification efficiency is high, up to 85~95%. Its purification mechanism is different from the gas method in that the separation force is electrostatic force, which directly acts on particles rather than on air flow, so it has the characteristics of low energy consumption and small resistance.